基于统计软件R的安全壳泄漏率试验数据有效性分析

安全壳泄漏率计算过程中，最重要的环节是以不同时刻测量数据对时间进行线性回归分析。对回归的显著性检验以及方差分析是评价试验结果有效性的重要手段。本文基于统计软件R对某电厂调试阶段安全壳泄漏率试验的数据进行分析，通过对线性回归模型的独立性、正态性和异方差性检验以及极端样本点的剔除等方式，探讨泄漏率计算前的回归诊断对计算结果可靠性的影响。通过回归诊断的实例分析发现，在安全壳泄漏率计算的数据样本中，可能存在自相关、非正态和异方差性等问题影响回归结果，进而影响泄漏率的最终结果。因此，在计算泄漏率结果时，须通过回归诊断方法评价数据的有效性，对不能通过检验的样本应通过适当方法对最终结果进行修正。      

双极线性稳压器中子辐射位移效应研究

双极线性稳压器广泛应用于空间设备,中子辐射效应不容忽视。对国产双极线性稳压器在不同负载偏置下的中子辐射效应开展研究。试验过程中发现,负载越大,位移损伤效应越明显。试验后通过加载不同负载的详细在线测试发现,不同偏置下的输出电压差异是由于负载的不同引起的。辐照偏置对双极线性稳压器的位移损伤无显著影响,但中子位移效应导致了双极线性稳压器的带载能力严重降低,使其失去负载调整能力。因此,在工程评估时,应结合应用需求,选择合理的负载进行评估。     

Synergistic effects of modified TiO2/multifunctionalized graphene oxide nanosheets as functional hybrid nanofiller in enhancing the interface compatibility of PLA/starch nanocomposites

The aim of this study is to investigate the synergistic effects of modified TiO₂/multifunctionalized graphene oxide nanosheets at different ratios on the interface compatibility between starch and poly(lactic acid) (PLA). To this end, silanylated nano-TiO₂ (MTiO₂, 1 and 2%) and alkylated maleic anhydride grafted graphene oxide (f-GO, 0.1, 0.2, and 0.4%) at different combinations are blended with the PLA-starch composites using solution blending technique. Then, the synergistic effects of MTiO₂ and f-GO on PLA/starch matrix are investigated in terms of the morphology, crystallinity, structural characterization, thermal stability, dynamic mechanical, and antiaging properties, and the related mechanisms. The Raman and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy spectra verify the successful synthesis of the two modified nanofillers (f-GO and MTiO₂) and the formation of strong hydrogen bond within the PLA-starch nanocomposites. Due to the strong interfacial interaction and the synergistic effect from the combination of 1% MTiO₂ and 0.2% f-GO, obvious improvement was observed in PLA-starch versus other nanocomposites in terms of morphology, thermal stability, surface hydrophobicity, storage modulus, ultraviolet-shielding capacity, and aging-resistance. Furthermore, differential scanning calorimeter (DSC), isothermal crystallization kinetic, and X-ray diffraction analysis demonstrate that f-GO and the M-TiO₂ significantly synergize in enhancing the crystallization rate and crystallinity of PLA/starch matrix. These results provide novel insights for constructing high-performance nanocomposites and facilitate their applications in food packaging.     

铜基正弦波微通道内流动沸腾传热特性试验研究

基于超快激光技术加工铜基正弦波弯曲型微通道，以去离子水为流动工质，在不同质量流量和热通量条件下，对弯曲型微通道内流动沸腾特性进行试验研究。基于温度/压力数据和流动可视化结果，发现通道传热系数随出口干度增大，呈迅速增大后减小并趋于稳定趋势，正弦波微通道相较直微通道具有更好的换热性能，传热系数最大提高127.7%，压降仅增加14.4%。波状通道结构能明显抑制流动沸腾中不稳定现象发生。通过可视化试验发现，随热通量增大，流型经历泡状流-弹状流-环状流的转变，换热主导机制由核态沸腾逐渐过渡到薄液膜蒸发。     

酸碱理论及其在有机反应中的应用研究

酸碱反应无论是在无机化学还是有机化学中,都占有极高的地位,文章以综述的形式讨论酸碱理论及其在一些重要的有机反应中应用研究。